Publications | Kong Research Group

Patent Awards and Applications

R. Langer, G. Traverso, Y. L. Kong. “Gastric Resident Electronics.” U.S. Patent 11,684,315 issued June 27, 2023.
M. C. McAlpine, Y. L. Kong. “3D Printed Active Electronic Materials and Devices.” U.S. Continuation-in-part 11,239,422 B2 issued February 1, 2022.
M. C. McAlpine, Y. L. Kong. “3D Printed Active Electronic Materials and Devices.” U.S. Patent 9,887,356 issued February 6, 2018.
M. C. McAlpine, M. Sebastian-Mannoor, Y. L. Kong, B. N. Johnson. “Multi-Functional Hybrid Devices/ Structures Using 3D Printing.” U.S. Patent 9,517,128 issued December 13, 2016.
R. Langer, G. Traverso, Y. L. Kong. “Gastric Resident Electronics.” International Patent Application No. PCT/US2018/062728.
P. Nadeau, D. El-Damak, D. Glettig, Y. L. Kong, N. Roxhed, R. Langer, A. P. Chandrakasan, G. Traverso. “Ingestible Power Harvesting Device, and Related Applications.” U.S. Patent Application 15/498,268.
Y. L. Kong, S. Hales, J. Ho, X. Yang. “Near Field Microwave 3D Printing of Functional Devices.” International Patent Application PCT/US2023/021054.
Y. L. Kong, T. E. Greenwood. “Ingestible Functional Magnetic Robot with Localized Flexibility.” U.S. Patent Application 63/359,648.
Y. L. Kong, S. Ghosh. “Diffusiophoresis-Enhanced Particle Deposition for Additive Manufacturing.” U.S. Patent Application 18/819,977.

Publications

[34] Soft multi-stable magnetic-responsive metamaterials

T. E. Greenwood, B. Elder, N. Hasan, J. Anklam, S. Lee, J. Teng, P. Wang, Y. L. Kong*. Science Advances (Accepted).

[33] The continuous actuation of liquid metal with a 3D-printed electrowetting device

S. Ghosh^†, R. Neupane^†, D. P. Sahu^†, J. Teng, Y. L. Kong*. Med-X (2025).

^† co-first authors

Med-X Young Investigator Award.

[32] Soft electronics based on particle engulfment printing

R. Lin^†, C. Jiang^†, S. Achavananthadith, X. Yang, H. P. Anwar Ali, J. Ping, Y. Liu, X. Zhang, B. C. K. Tee, Y. L. Kong^†*, J. Ho^†*. Nature Electronics (2025).

^† co-first authors

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[31] Harmonically induced shape morphing of bistable buckled beam with static bias

N. Hassan, S. Paul, T. E. Greenwood, R. G. Parker, Y. L. Kong, P. Wang. Extreme Mechanics Letters (2025).

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[30] CO₂-driven diffusiophoresis in an evaporating sessile droplet

S. Lee, Y. L. Kong, G. Cho.. J. T. Ault, J. Lee. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 705, 135660 (2025).

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[29] Digitally-defined ultrathin transparent wireless sensor network for room-scale imperceptible ambient intelligence

Y. Jin, M. Yu, D. T. Nguyen, X. Yang, Z. Li, Z. Xiong, C. Li, Y. Liu, Y. L. Kong*, John Ho*. Nature Partner Journal (npj) Flexible Electronics 8, 10 (2024).

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[28] Multi-material 3D printing guided by machine vision

Y. L. Kong*. Nature 623, 488-490 (2023).

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[27] Diffusiophoresis-enhanced particle deposition for additive manufacturing

S. Ghosh, S. Lee, M. V. Johnson, J. Hardin, V. S. Doan, S. Shin, S. R. Kalidindi, J. Lee, J, Ault*, Y. L. Kong*. MRS Communications 13, 1053–1062 (2023).

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Early Career Materials Researcher Award.

[26] Additive manufacturing in electronics and functional devices

C. W. Hill, Y. L. Kong, H. B. Katz, D. H. Sabanosh, M. Beidaghi, N. Sakthivel, L. J. Vendra, S. A. Torbati-Sarraf, M. Mahjouri-Samani. Additive Manufacturing Design and Applications, Vol 24A, ASM Handbook. Eds: M. Seifi, D. L. Bourell, W. Frazier, H. Kuhn. (ASM International, 2023).
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[25] Fractal patterns in the parameter space of a bistable Duffing oscillator

N. Hasan, T. E. Greenwood, R. G. Parker, Y. L. Kong*, P. Wang*. Physical Review E 108, L022201 (2023).

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[24] Ingestible functional magnetic robot with localized flexibility (MR-LF)

T. E. Greenwood, H. Cagle, B. Pulver, O. S. Pak, Y. L. Kong*. Advanced Intelligent Systems 2200166 (2022).

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BiosensorsAndBioelectronics_bioimpedance microsensor array

[23] Needle-integrated ultrathin bioimpedance microsensor array for early detection of extravasation

R. Lin, Y. Jin, R. R. Li, C. Jiang, J. Ping, C. J. Charles, Y. L. Kong, J. S. Ho*. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 216, 114651 (2022).

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[22] Digitally-embroidered liquid metal wearable wireless systems

R. Lin, H.-J. Kim, S. Achavananthadith, Z. Xiong, J. K. W. Lee, Y. L. Kong*, J. S. Ho*. Nat Commun 13, 2190 (2022).

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Featured in Nature Communications Editors’ Highlights.

[21] Machine learning-enabled feature classification of evaporation-driven multi-scale 3D printing

S. Ghosh, M. V. Johnson, R. Neupane, J. Hardin, J. D. Berrigan, S. R. Kalidindi, Y. L. Kong*. Flexible and Printed Electronics 7, 014011 (2022).

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[20] A 3D printed self-learning three-linked sphere robot for autonomous confined space navigation

B. Elder, Z. Zou, S. Ghosh, O. Silverberg, T. E. Greenwood, E. Demir, V. S.-E. Su, O. S. Pak, Y. L. Kong*. Advanced Intelligent Systems 2170064 (2021).

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Featured in front cover.

a-Schematic-of-the-spectral-splitter-with-a-splitting-distance-d-35-cm-50-cm-under

[19] Inversed designed THz spectral splitters

S. Banerji, Y. Shi, V. S.-E. Su, U. Ghosh, J. Cooke, Y. L. Kong, L. Liu, B. Sensale-Rodriguez. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 31, no. 5, 425-428 (2021).

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[18] Ingestible transiently anchoring electronics for microstimulation and conductive signaling

A. Abramson, D. Dellal, Y. L. Kong, J. Zhao, Y. Gao, J. Collins, S. Tamang, A. Hayward, M. R. Frederiksen, J. J. Water, B. Jensen, N. Roxhed, R. Langer, G. Traverso. Science Advances 6, no. 35, eaaz0127 (2020).

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[17] Nanomaterial patterning in 3D printing

B. Elder, R. Neupane, E. Tokita, U. Ghosh, S. Hales, Y. L. Kong*. Advanced Materials 1907142 (2020).

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[16] 3D printed nanomaterial-based electronic, biomedical, and bioelectronic devices

S. Hales, E. Tokita, R. Neupane, U. Ghosh, B. Elder, D. Wirthlin, Y. L. Kong*. Nanotechnology 31, 172001 (2020).

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[15] Transforming military medicine with 3D printed bioelectronics

Y. L. Kong* Journal of the Homeland Defense & Security Information Analysis Center (HDIAC) 6, 34 – 38 (2019).

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[14] 3D printed gastric resident electronics

Y. L. Kong, X. Zou, C. A. McCandler, A. R. Kirtane, S. Ning, J. Zhou, A. Abid, M. Jafari, J. Rogner, D. Minahan, J. E. Collins, S. McDonnell, C. Cleveland, T. Bensel, S. Tamang, G. Arrick, A. Gimbel, T. Hua, U. Ghosh, V. Soares, N, Wang, A. Wahane, A. Hayward, S. Zhang, B. R. Smith, R. Langer, G. Traverso. Advanced Materials Technologies 1800490 (2018).

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Selected as one of the Best of Advanced Materials Technologies 2019.

[13] Addressing unmet clinical needs with 3D printing technologies

U. Ghosh, S. Ning, Y. Wang, Y. L. Kong*. Advanced Healthcare Materials 1800417 (2018). [HTML | PDF]

Top 10% most downloaded paper in Advanced Healthcare Materials the 12 months following online publication.
Featured in Materials Views China (2018).

[12] Transmitting location

Y. L. Kong, G. Traverso. Nature Biomedical Engineering 1, 684-685 (2017).
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[11] Prolonged energy harvesting for ingestible devices

P. Nadeau, D. El-Damak, D. Glettig, Y. L. Kong, S. Mo, C. Cleveland, L. Booth, N. Roxhed, R. Langer, A. P. Chandrakasan, G. Traverso. Nature Biomedical Engineering 1, 0022 (2017).
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Featured in “Bioelectronic devices: Gut-powered ingestible biosensors.” Nature Biomedical Engineering 1, 0050 (2017).

[10] Effect of the polydispersity of a colloidal drop on the drying induced stress as measured by the buckling of a floating sheet

F. Boulogne, Y. L. Kong, J. K. Nunes, H. A. Stone. Physical Review Letters 116, 238001 (2016).
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[9] 3D printed bionic nanodevices

Y. L. Kong*, M. K. Gupta, B. N. Johnson, M. C. McAlpine*. Nano Today 11, 330-350 (2016).
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[8] A scalable platform for functional nanomaterials via bubble‐bursting

J. Feng, J. K. Nunes, S. Shin, J. Yan, Y. L. Kong, R. K. Prud’homme, L. N. Arnaudov, S. D. Stoyanov, H.A. Stone. Advanced Materials 28, 4047-4052 (2016).
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[7] 3D printed nervous system on a chip

B. N. Johnson, K. Z. Lancaster, I. B. Hogue, F. Meng, Y. L. Kong, L. W. Enquist, M. C. McAlpine. Lab on a Chip 16, 1393-1400 (2016).
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[6] Bionic graphene nanosensors

Y. L. Kong, M. S. Mannoor, M. C. McAlpine. Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Eds: M. Zhang, R. R. Naik, L. Dai. (Springer, Switzerland, 2016).
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[5] Deposition of quantum dots in a capillary tube

Y. L. Kong, F. Boulogne, H. Kim, J. K. Nunes, J. Feng, H. A. Stone. Langmuir 31, 12560-12566 (2015).
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[4] 3D printed anatomical nerve regeneration pathways

B. N. Johnson, K. Z. Lancaster, G. Zhen, J. He, M. K. Gupta, Y. L. Kong, E. A. Engel, K. D. Krick, A. Ju, F. Meng, L. W. Enquist, X. Jia, M. C. McAlpine. Advanced Functional Materials 25, 6205-6217 (2015).
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[3] 3D printed programmable release capsules

M. K. Gupta, F. Meng, B. N. Johnson, Y. L. Kong, L. Tian, Y-W. Yeh, N. Masters, S. Singamaneni, M. C. McAlpine. Nano Letters 15, 5321-5329 (2015).
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[2] 3D printed quantum dot light-emitting diodes

Y. L. Kong, I. A. Tamargo, H. Kim, B. N. Johnson, M. K. Gupta, T.-W. Koh, H.-A. Chin, D. A. Steingart, B. P. Rand, M. C. McAlpine. Nano Letters 14, 7017-7023 (2014).
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Featured in “Device fabrication: Three-dimensional printed electronics.” Nature 518, 42-43 (2015).
Highlighted in “Materials: Diodes printed in three dimensions.” Nature 515, 468 (2014).

[1] 3D printed bionic ears

M. S. Mannoor, Z. Jiang, T. James, Y. L. Kong, K. A. Malatesta, W. O. Soboyejo, N. Verma, D. H. Gracias, M. C. McAlpine. Nano Letters 13, 2634-2639 (2013).
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Highlighted in R. F. Service. “The Cyborg Era Begins.” Science 340, 1162-1165 (2013).
Highlighted in “Bioelectronics: An Ear by Printing.” Nature 499, 129 (2013).
Highlighted in O. P. H. Vaughan. “Bioelectronics: Printing Bionic Ears.” Nature Nanotechnology 8, 390 (2013).